Een zeer interessante studie bijvoorbeeld:
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Our results mostly support the hypothesis that, given the time-consuming and costly procedures for same-sex couples to obtain children, same-sex parents typically have higher socioeconomic status resulting in better school outcomes. Nonetheless, when we control for a range of socioeconomic factors, the significantly positive association does not entirely disappear. We use a novel bounding estimator developed by Oster (2019) to bound the causal effect of being born and raised by same-sex parents. Treatment effect bounds indicate that the selection on unobserved characteristics, such as parental motivation and family planning before having children, would have to be more than three times higher than the selection on observed characteristics, such as parental education and income, to reduce the positive association to zero. Overall, we conclude that children raised by same-sex parents are likely to perform at least as well as (if not better than) children raised by different-sex parents in school.