What is router?
Defined by webopedia
What is NAT?
NAT stands for Network Address Translation. It is the means that most home routers use to route data between the Internet (WAN) and Local Area Network (LAN).
Why Was It Created?
Internet IP addresses are limited and cost money to lease. Since every machine needs an IP address to access networks, a method of using a single Internet IP for an entire LAN was created. The 192.x.x.x block of IPs was reserved for LAN use. A router can be setup in between the Internet and LAN in order to bridge the connections and translate between Internet IPs and local IPs. One method of doing this is NAT.
Why Should I care?
Most Internet traffic operates on standard ports. Routers come ready to automatically detect and route traffic like http out of the box. However, peer-2-peer traffic normally does not operate on standard ports. What happens is that incoming traffic gets to your router, and it doesn't know which computer to send it to (even if there is only one). So it just drops the packets and ignores it. As you can imagine, that doesn't do good things for your BT performance when no incoming connections can reach your computer. This will severely reduce your download speeds.
How do tell if I have a NAT problem?
If you never have a green indicator by your torrents, even after running them for a long time, then you may have a NAT problem. Most BT clients use a green indicator to tell you that at least one remote connection has been made on that torrent. A remote connection is one that was initiated by another client to your computer. The opposite is a Local Connection in which your computer initiates the communication.
A yellow indicator is not proof of a NAT problem. If the torrent is not that popular and no one makes a remote connection, it will still be yellow. You can also have a firewall or ISP that is blocking traffic.
How do I fix it?
You need to forward ports router to correct this. It is also commonly called opening ports, but is the same thing. You need to tell your router to forward whatever ports your BT client is listening on to your computer's local IP address.
Do I use NAT? I want to know
Check out this link
The concepts behind firewalling with a router
In order to understand what a router/firewall does, you need to have a general idea of what a network is.
Let's start with a very general network.
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In the network you see above we have one Router/Firewall and three computers. The router/firewall on this network provides internet access to the three computers below it. Any data (information) that flows to or from your network is referred to as traffic. The routers primary job is to route the traffic that is flowing to and from your network. The WAN (Wide Area Network).The LAN (Local Area Network) is represented by a green circle. These networks are kept separate by your router. Computers on the WAN (internet) can not directly communicate with the computers on the LAN (your network), and computers on the LAN can not directly communicate with computers on the WAN. When a computer on the WAN wants to communicate with a computer on the LAN, the computer on the WAN must send the data your router. The router then passes that data on to the computer in your LAN. The same thing is true for a computer on your LAN. When a computer on your LAN wants to send data to a computer on the WAN, it passes the data to the router. The router then sends that data out on the internet. The router needs to know where it is sending the data before it can send it to the right place
So by router firewalling, you want to set it up to block everything coming into your network. So after everything is blocked, we can then go back and allow the traffic needs to be allowed into the network. Some traffic needs to be allowed into your network applications that require port forwarding.
End of story for routers port forwarding, each router has a different way of setting up ports to be forwarded the below link contains most types of routers... Check which one you have at home or work and configure it as you can see in the router's manual or check the manufacturer website about the way on configuring your hardware router
Here are links provided from "portforwarding.com" with screenshots for the most used routers and how to fix your problems with ports
Click Here to see your router type and follow the steps and you are done